【Android开发】调用摄像头通过TFLite模型实现 实时物品分类识别

正文索引 [隐藏]

演示视频

开发环境

IDE: Android Studio 4.1.1

minSdkVersion: 19

targetSdkVersion: 30

JavaVersion:1.8

项目地址

先把项目放在这,懒得看的可以直接去Git Clone,所需的东西都已经在上面了,下载之后直接Android Studio打开即可。

(以下所叙述仅叙述部分内容,代码需要直接去Github下载,重要部分均有注释)

Github: https://github.com/iMacroC/imgclassifier

所需权限声明

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" android:required="false" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FLASHLIGHT" />

一些坑

  • 手机锁屏后解锁 preview就会黑屏(锁屏需要释放相关资源 以及隐藏preview),需要写一个广播来监听屏幕开关事件。
  • 通过Intent 选择相关图片文件的话,如果来源是相册 将会被旋转90度(可能和系统有关系),我是通过判断来源URL路径来进行旋转图片解决的。
  • 相机预览界面可能会被旋转90度(看官方说好像是部分机型 具体不了解)
  • 不拍照保存文件,直接从预览画面获取预览帧的图片是Yuv类型的(我觉得直接拍照的话可能会消耗更多一些性能  所以就采取了从预览帧获取的方式 而且直接获取预览帧的话可以做成实时和别)
  • 摄像头权限声明后还需动态申请
  • setPreviewCallBackWithBuffer 回调速度等将会优于 PreviewCallBack 具体访问:https://developer.android.com/reference/android/hardware/Camera#setPreviewCallbackWithBuffer(android.hardware.Camera.PreviewCallback)

调用摄像头

调用相机主要是参考了官方文档: https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/media/camera?hl=zh-cn

(这个学期有Android开发的课程,我也是事后才知道原来书上有写...不过我本来就是打算把书卖掉的,现在都没拆封哈哈哈哈中指

需要注意的一个地方就是当手机锁屏后再开屏的话会crash,因此需要写一个BroadcastReceiver来监听屏幕开关事件,锁屏后就释放相关资源并隐藏preview,解锁后便重新实例化相关对象。

可能于官方这个提示有关系:

值得注意的是在Android 6.0后实例化Camera之前需要动态申请权限(防止权限滥用,Google就采取了一些措施)

private void requestPermission() {
        // 判断当前Activity是否已经获得了该权限
        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            // 如果App的权限申请曾经被用户拒绝过,就需要在这里跟用户做出解释
            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,Manifest.permission.CAMERA)) {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"请进入设置-应用管理-打开相机权限",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            } else {
                // 进行权限请求
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},CAMERA_REQ_CODE);
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
        if(requestCode==CAMERA_REQ_CODE) {
            // 如果请求被拒绝,那么通常grantResults数组为空
            if (grantResults.length > 0
                    && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // 申请成功,进行相应操作
            } else {
                // 申请失败,可以继续向用户解释。
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "没有相机权限,您可能无法正常使用本应用", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        }
    }

 

获取一个Camera的实例化对象(且是后置摄像头)

public static Camera getCameraInstance(){
    Camera c = null;
    try {
        // attempt to get a Camera instance
        int numberOfCameras = Camera.getNumberOfCameras(); //获取总共的摄像头数量
        Camera.CameraInfo cameraInfo = new Camera.CameraInfo();//获取摄像头信息
        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfCameras; i++) {
            Camera.getCameraInfo(i, cameraInfo);
            if (cameraInfo.facing == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK) { //循环输出后置摄像头ID 并执行open函数 返回该对象
                if (checkCameraHardware(context)){
                    System.out.println("Has Camera\n Open Camera");
                    System.out.println("Total Cameras: " + String.valueOf(Camera.getNumberOfCameras()));
                    System.out.println("Openning Camera");
                    c = Camera.open(i);
                }else{
                    System.out.println("Does not has Camera");
                }
                return c;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("Opened Succeed");
    }
    catch (Exception e){
        System.out.println("Camera is not available");
        // Camera is not available (in use or does not exist)
    }
    return c; // returns null if camera is unavailable
}

你可以在实例化之前 检测一下设备是否有摄像头组件

/** Check if this device has a camera */
private boolean checkCameraHardware(Context context) {
    if (context.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_CAMERA)){
        // this device has a camera
        return true;
    } else {
        // no camera on this device
        return false;
    }
}

在onCreate事件中进行相关操作,现在就可以在APP上看到相机的预览画面了。

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
       super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
       setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
       Display display = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay();
       int screenHeight = display.getHeight();
       int screenWidth = display.getWidth();
       requestPermission();//请求摄像头权限
       c = getCameraInstance(); // 实例化一个摄像头对象
       parameters = c.getParameters();
       //实例化preview显示 摄像头内容
       mPreview = new CameraPreview(this, c);
       preview = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.camera_preview);
       preview.getLayoutParams().height = (int) (screenHeight*0.6);//设置摄像头预览显示区域高度
       c.setDisplayOrientation(90);//设置旋转90° 不然是横屏
       preview.addView(mPreview);// 将mPreview添加到preview上显示
   }

CameraPreview 类

package com.julym.camera;

import android.content.Context;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;

import java.io.IOException;

/** A basic Camera preview class */
public class CameraPreview extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {
    private String TAG;
    private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
    private Camera mCamera;

    public CameraPreview(Context context, Camera camera) {
        super(context);
        mCamera = camera;

        // Install a SurfaceHolder.Callback so we get notified when the
        // underlying surface is created and destroyed.
        mHolder = getHolder();
        mHolder.addCallback(this);
        // deprecated setting, but required on Android versions prior to 3.0
        mHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
    }

    public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        // The Surface has been created, now tell the camera where to draw the preview.
        try {
            mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);
            mCamera.startPreview();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Log.d(TAG, "Error setting camera preview: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
        // empty. Take care of releasing the Camera preview in your activity.
    }

    public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int w, int h) {
        // If your preview can change or rotate, take care of those events here.
        // Make sure to stop the preview before resizing or reformatting it.

        if (mHolder.getSurface() == null){
            // preview surface does not exist
            return;
        }

        // stop preview before making changes
        try {
            mCamera.stopPreview();
        } catch (Exception e){
            // ignore: tried to stop a non-existent preview
        }

        // set preview size and make any resize, rotate or
        // reformatting changes here

        // start preview with new settings
        try {
            mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mHolder);
            mCamera.startPreview();

        } catch (Exception e){
            Log.d(TAG, "Error starting camera preview: " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

 

 

调用TFlite模型

在Android Studio 4.1后可以直接在文件中导入模型,并自动生成相关类文件,且会自动帮你进行图片相关的预处理。

导入后双击该模型即可看到相关信息以及Sample Code

模型最好在onCreate事件中加载好(减少二次加载耗时),然后封装一个函数方便调用。

由于该模型将返回所有可能性,所以需要写一个冒泡排序获取最大可能。

public Map efficientnet(Bitmap bitmap){
        Map result = new HashMap();
        TensorImage image = TensorImage.fromBitmap(bitmap);
        // Runs model inference and gets result.
        efficientnetLite4Fp322.Outputs outputs = model.process(image);
        List<Category> probability = outputs.getProbabilityAsCategoryList();
        double temp = 0;
        String predict = null;
        for( int i = 0 ; i < probability.size() ; i++) { 
            if (temp>probability.get(i).getScore()){
            }else{
                temp=probability.get(i).getScore();
                predict = probability.get(i).getLabel();
            }
        }
        System.out.println(probability);
        Log.e("Predict", predict);
        Log.e("Score", String.valueOf(temp));
        result.put("predict", predict);
        result.put("score", String.valueOf(temp));
        return result;
    }